Basic of Network topology

Network topology is the physical interconnections of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a computer network. A local area network (LAN) is one example of a network that exhibits both a physical topology and a logical topology. Any given node in the LAN has one or more links to one or more other nodes in the network and the mapping of these links and nodes in a graph results in a geometrical shape that may be used to describe the physical topology of the network. Likewise, the mapping of the data flows between the nodes in the network determines the logical topology of the network. The physical and logical topologies may or may not be identical in any particular network.

Any particular network topology is determined only by the graphical mapping of the configuration of physical and/or logical connections between nodes. The study of network topology uses graph theory. Distances between nodes, physical interconnections, transmission rates, and/or signal types may differ in two networks and yet their topologies may be identical.

Type of Basic Network topology

i. Bus topology
ii. Star topology
iii.Ring topology
iv.Tree topology

Connect Two Home Computers for File Sharing

The simplest kind of home network contains exactly two computers. You can use these types of network for sharing files, printers and other equipment, and even connect to the Internet. When you connect two computers to exchange these and other network resources, consider the options described below.

Connecting two computers directly to the cable
The traditional method to connect two computers involves the creation of a special link, connecting the cable into both systems. Having multiple options for networking two computers this way:

* Crossover cable Ethernet
* Peripheral Cable null modem cable or a parallel
* Special USB cable

Ethernet - above opportunities, Ethernet is the preferred method because it is a reliable, high-speed connection with minimal support required configuration. In addition, the technology is Ethernet, provides for general purposes, so that the networks are built with more than two computers fairly easily later. If your computer has a card Ethernet, while the other has USB, Ethernet crossover cable can be used to connect the first USB-Ethernet converter unit into the USB port.

Serial and parallel - This type of cable is called a direct cable (DCC) in the use of Microsoft Windows, offers lower performance but offers the same features as the cable Ethernet. You can choose this option if you want these cables are readily available and network speed is not included. Serial and parallel cables not more than two computer networks.

USB - USB cable Ordinary should not be used to connect two computers directly with one another. Attempting to do is damage to the electrical computer! Nevertheless, a special USB cable designed for direct connection exist, which can be used safely. You may prefer this option compared to the other, if your computer lack functional Ethernet network adapters.

To install dedicated lines with Ethernet, USB, serial or parallel cable is required

1. each computer on the network, interaction with external connection for cable and
2. The network settings on every computer is configured

Telephone line or power cord can not be used to connect two computers directly with one another in the network.

WAN - Wide Area Network

Definition: WAN on the same local, state, province or country wide. And the president is often the local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area network (MAN), and how you can connect multiple smaller networks.

The world's most popular WAN is the Internet. VPN segment of the Internet as one thing - based on, is also its president and extranets. Finally, many enterprises, network bandwidth, and is president and research.

LANs typically much more expensive than halwa president of network equipment is another benefit. President core technologies and often SONET, Frame Relay, ATM contains.

LAN - Local Area Network

Definition: A local area network (LAN) supplies networking capability, a group of computers in close proximity to each other, as in an office building, at school or at home. Local networks are useful for sharing resources such as files, printers, games and other applications. LAN in turn often connects to another network, the Internet or WAN.

Most LANs are built with relatively inexpensive hardware such as cables Ethernet, network cards and hubs. Wireless LAN, and other additional options for wireless LAN equipment is also available.

Special software operating system configuration can be used in the network. For example, which provides most versions of Microsoft Windows, the software program called Internet Connection Sharing (ICS), which supports access to network resources is controlled.

The concept refers to a LAN party multiplayer action game in which participants bring their own computers and to build a temporary network.
Also known as: LAN
Examples:
The most common type of LAN Ethernet LAN. The smallest home LAN can exactly two computers and a large network may have several thousand computers possible. Many LANs are divided into logical groups known as subnetworks. Local theory of Internet Protocol (IP) "Class" can accommodate more than 16 million devices organized into subnets.

Wired vs Wireless Networking

Many of the same network protocols, like TCP/IP, work in both wired and wireless networks. Networks with ethernet cables predominated in businesses, schools, and homes for several decades. Recently, however, wireless networking alternatives have emerged as the premier technology for building new computer networks.

Network Protocol

In networking, the communication language used by computer devices is called the protocol. Yet another way to classify computer networks is by the set of protocols they support. Networks often implement multiple protocols to support specific applications. Popular protocols include TCP/IP, the most common protocol found on the Internet and in home networks.

Network Design

Computer networks also differ in their design. The two types of high-level network design are called client-server and peer-peer. Client-server networks feature centralized server computers that store email, Web pages, files and or applications. On a peer-to-peer network, conversely, all computers tend to support the same functions. Client-server networks are much more common in business and peer-to-peer networks much more common in homes.

A network represents its layout or structure from the point of view of data flow. In so-called bus networks, for example, all of the computers share and communicate across one common conduit, whereas in a star network, all data flows through one centralized device. Common types of network topologies include bus, star, ring and mesh.